Как установить NextCloud на Almalinux 10

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# — данные команды должны выполняться с правами root либо непосредственно от имени пользователя root, либо с помощью команды sudo.
$ – данные команды должны выполняться от имени обычного пользователя.

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# dnf update -y && dnf upgrade -y

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# dnf install php php-{bz2,ctype,curl,fpm,gd,imagick,intl,json,fileinfo,libxml,mbstring,mysqlnd,openssl,posix,session,simplexml,xmlreader,xmlwriter,zip,zlib}

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# vim /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf

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user = nginx
group = nginx

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# vim /etc/php.ini

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memory_limit = 768M
date.timezone = Europe/Moscow
cgi.fixpathinfo = 0
upload_max_filesize = 500M
post_max_size = 500M
max_execution_time = 300

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# chown -R root.nginx /var/lib/php/opcache/
# chown -R root.nginx /var/lib/php/session/

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# systemctl restart php-fpm
# systemctl enable php-fpm

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# dnf install nginx -y

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# systemctl enable --now nginx

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# vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/cloud.example.org.conf

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upstream nextcloud {
    server unix:/run/php-fpm/www.sock;
}

# Set the `immutable` cache control options only for assets with a cache busting `v` argument
map $arg_v $asset_immutable {
    "" "";
    default "immutable";
}


server {
    listen 80;
    server_name cloud.example.org;
 
    # Path to the root of your installation
    root /var/www/nextcloud;

     # Prevent nginx HTTP Server Detection
    server_tokens off;

    # set max upload size and increase upload timeout:
    client_max_body_size 512M;
    client_body_timeout 300s;
    fastcgi_buffers 64 4K;

    # Enable gzip but do not remove ETag headers
    gzip on;
    gzip_vary on;
    gzip_comp_level 4;
    gzip_min_length 256;
    gzip_proxied expired no-cache no-store private no_last_modified no_etag auth;
    gzip_types application/atom+xml application/javascript application/json application/ld+json application/manifest+json application/rss+xml application/vnd.geo+json application/vnd.ms-fontobject application/wasm application/x-font-ttf application/x-web-app-manifest+json application/xhtml+xml application/xml font/opentype image/bmp image/svg+xml image/x-icon text/cache-manifest text/css text/plain text/vcard text/vnd.rim.location.xloc text/vtt text/x-component text/x-cross-domain-policy;


    # HTTP response headers borrowed from Nextcloud `.htaccess`
    add_header Referrer-Policy                      "no-referrer"   always;
    add_header X-Content-Type-Options               "nosniff"       always;
    add_header X-Download-Options                   "noopen"        always;
    add_header X-Frame-Options                      "SAMEORIGIN"    always;
    add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies    "none"          always;
    add_header X-Robots-Tag                         "none"          always;
    add_header X-XSS-Protection                     "1; mode=block" always;

    # Remove X-Powered-By, which is an information leak
    fastcgi_hide_header X-Powered-By;

    index index.php index.html /index.php$request_uri;

    # Rule borrowed from `.htaccess` to handle Microsoft DAV clients
    location = / {
        if ( $http_user_agent ~ ^DavClnt ) {
            return 302 /remote.php/webdav/$is_args$args;
        }
    }

    location = /robots.txt {
        allow all;
        log_not_found off;
        access_log off;
    }

    # Make a regex exception for `/.well-known` so that clients can still
    # access it despite the existence of the regex rule
    # `location ~ /(\.|autotest|...)` which would otherwise handle requests
    # for `/.well-known`.
    location ^~ /.well-known {
        # The rules in this block are an adaptation of the rules
        # in `.htaccess` that concern `/.well-known`.

        location = /.well-known/carddav { return 301 /remote.php/dav/; }
        location = /.well-known/caldav  { return 301 /remote.php/dav/; }

        location /.well-known/acme-challenge    { try_files $uri $uri/ =404; }
        location /.well-known/pki-validation    { try_files $uri $uri/ =404; }

        # Let Nextcloud's API for `/.well-known` URIs handle all other
        # requests by passing them to the front-end controller.
        return 301 /index.php$request_uri;
    }

    # Rules borrowed from `.htaccess` to hide certain paths from clients
    location ~ ^/(?:build|tests|config|lib|3rdparty|templates|data)(?:$|/)  { return 404; }
    location ~ ^/(?:\.|autotest|occ|issue|indie|db_|console)                { return 404; }

    # Ensure this block, which passes PHP files to the PHP process, is above the blocks
    # which handle static assets (as seen below). If this block is not declared first,
    # then Nginx will encounter an infinite rewriting loop when it prepends `/index.php`
    # to the URI, resulting in a HTTP 500 error response.
    location ~ \.php(?:$|/) {
        # Required for legacy support
        rewrite ^/(?!index|remote|public|cron|core\/ajax\/update|status|ocs\/v[12]|updater\/.+|oc[ms]-provider\/.+|.+\/richdocumentscode\/proxy) /index.php$request_uri;

        fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+?\.php)(/.*)$;
        set $path_info $fastcgi_path_info;

        try_files $fastcgi_script_name =404;

        include fastcgi_params;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $path_info;
        fastcgi_param HTTPS on;

        fastcgi_param modHeadersAvailable true;         # Avoid sending the security headers twice
        fastcgi_param front_controller_active true;     # Enable pretty urls
        fastcgi_pass nextcloud;

        fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
        fastcgi_request_buffering off;

        fastcgi_max_temp_file_size 0;
    }

    location ~ \.(?:css|js|svg|gif|png|jpg|ico|wasm|tflite|map)$ {
        try_files $uri /index.php$request_uri;
        add_header Cache-Control "public, max-age=15778463, $asset_immutable";
        access_log off;     # Optional: Don't log access to assets

        location ~ \.wasm$ {
            default_type application/wasm;
        }
    }

    location ~ \.woff2?$ {
        try_files $uri /index.php$request_uri;
        expires 7d;         # Cache-Control policy borrowed from `.htaccess`
        access_log off;     # Optional: Don't log access to assets
    }

    # Rule borrowed from `.htaccess`
    location /remote {
        return 301 /remote.php$request_uri;
    }

    location / {
        try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php$request_uri;
    }
}

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# dnf install mysql mariadb-server
# systemctl enable --now mariadb

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# mysql

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mysql> CREATE DATABASE nextcloud_db CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci;
mysql> CREATE USER 'nextcloud_user'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY "YourStrongPasswordHere";
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nextcloud_db.* TO 'nextcloud_user'@'localhost';
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
mysql> \q

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# dnf install certbot python3-certbot-nginx -y

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# certbot

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Saving debug log to /var/log/letsencrypt/letsencrypt.log
Enter email address (used for urgent renewal and security notices)
 (Enter 'c' to cancel): you@example.org

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Please read the Terms of Service at
https://letsencrypt.org/documents/LE-SA-v1.5-February-24-2025.pdf. You must
agree in order to register with the ACME server. Do you agree?
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(Y)es/(N)o: y

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Would you be willing, once your first certificate is successfully issued, to
share your email address with the Electronic Frontier Foundation, a founding
partner of the Let's Encrypt project and the non-profit organization that
develops Certbot? We'd like to send you email about our work encrypting the web,
EFF news, campaigns, and ways to support digital freedom.
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(Y)es/(N)o: n
Account registered.

Which names would you like to activate HTTPS for?
We recommend selecting either all domains, or all domains in a VirtualHost/server block.
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1: cloud.example.org
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Select the appropriate numbers separated by commas and/or spaces, or leave input
blank to select all options shown (Enter 'c' to cancel): 1
Requesting a certificate for cloud.example.org

Successfully received certificate.
Certificate is saved at: /etc/letsencrypt/live/cloud.example.org/fullchain.pem
Key is saved at:         /etc/letsencrypt/live/cloud.example.org/privkey.pem
This certificate expires on 2025-09-02.
These files will be updated when the certificate renews.
Certbot has set up a scheduled task to automatically renew this certificate in the background.

Deploying certificate
Successfully deployed certificate for cloud.example.org to /etc/nginx/conf.d/cloud.example.org.conf
Congratulations! You have successfully enabled HTTPS on https://cloud.example.org

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If you like Certbot, please consider supporting our work by:
 * Donating to ISRG / Let's Encrypt:   https://letsencrypt.org/donate
 * Donating to EFF:                    https://eff.org/donate-le
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# dnf install unzip wget -y

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# wget https://download.nextcloud.com/server/releases/latest.zip -O latest.zip

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# unzip latest.zip -d /var/www/

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# mkdir /var/www/nextcloud/data

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# chown -R nginx: /var/www/nextcloud

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# dnf -y install policycoreutils-python-utils
# semanage fcontext -a -t httpd_sys_rw_content_t "/var/www/nextcloud(/.*)?"
# restorecon -Rvv /var/www/nextcloud

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# firewall-cmd --add-port=80/tcp
# firewall-cmd --add-port=443/tcp
# firewall-cmd --reload